Phase-out targets: Buses
Verified on 1/31/2023
Interactive map
The map displays official phase-out targets set by national and sub-national governments to end the sale, registration, or procurement of medium- and heavy-duty internal combustion engine (ICE) buses. Target dates are indicated by color. We update these maps quarterly. (Current status: September 2022)
Around 10 governments have set ambitious 100% ICE bus phaseout targets, by 2035 for new bus sales and in some cases by 2050 for the entirety of the fleet.
Hover over a map region to see a tooltip with details. For more information, click on the region to view the relevant policy document. Static versions of the maps are available for download below. Color coding may differ between the interactive map and the PDF map.
Source: ICCT Research, please see the table below for further information.
Table: Summary of ICE bus phaseout policies
| Policy name | Policy type | Policy status | Policy summary | Source | Publication year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai EV Bus 2025 Target (2021) | phaseout goal | proposed | 96% of all buses and all new coaches to be new energy or clean energy vehicles by 2025. | http://dlysj.sh.gov.cn/sdlysjwj2021nd/20211126/04db3627182f4182adef8474d28f2ff3.html | 2022 |
| Cabo Verde Electric Mobility Policy Charter | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% EV sales share for government vehicles by 2025, taxis by 2030, and private PCs and HDVs by 2035. Sets interim EV sales share targets for 2025 and 2030 and a target of 100% EV stock by 2050. | http://tda-mobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Cabo-Verde-Electric-Mobility-Policy-Chapter.pdf | 2019 |
| Guangdong 14th Five-Year Development Plan for the Comprehensive Transportation System | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% of new buses and 80% of taxis and delivery vehicles should be NEVs starting by 2021 | http://www.gd.gov.cn/zwgk/wjk/qbwj/yfb/content/post_3554890.html | 2021 |
| China New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035) | phaseout goal | proposed | 20% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2025 | http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2020-11/02/content_5556716.htm | 2020 |
| China National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Transport on Issuing the Action Plan for Creating Green Travel (Green Mobility Action Plan) | ZEV fleet rule | proposed | 50% ZEV share of public transit bus stock by 2022; 80% sales by 2020 | http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-07/26/content_5530095.htm | 2020 |
| China 14th Five-Year Development Plan for Green Transportation | phaseout goal | adopted | 72% share of NEVs in national urban public transport and 20% in logistics distribution by 2025 | http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-01/21/content_5669662.htm | 2021 |
| Tianjin 14th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environmental Protection | phaseout goal | adopted | 25% of new passenger LDV sales to be NEVs. 80% NEVs in public transport, rental, logistics and delivery vehicles sales by 2025. | http://www.tj.gov.cn/zwgk/szfwj/tjsrmzfbgt/202201/t20220117_5781111.html | 2021 |
| Hungary National Energy Strategy 2030 | phaseout goal | proposed | 1,290 ZEV public transit bus stock by 2029; 100% sales from 2022 | https://2010-2014.kormany.hu/download/a/b7/70000/Hungarian%20Energy%20Strategy%202030%20Summary.pdf | 2021 |
| Costa Rica National Decarbonization Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of LDV sales, 60% ZEV share of LDV stock, and 100% ZEV share of bus and taxi stock by 2050; 25% ZEV share of LDV stock and 70% ZEV share of bus and taxi stock by 2035 | https://2050pathways.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Decarbonization-Plan-Costa-Rica.pdf | 2019 |
| United Kingdom A New Road Vehicle CO2 Emissions Regulatory Framework | phaseout goal | adopted | 100% ZEV share of HDV sales by 2040 | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1067018/outcome-and-government-response-to-the-green-paper-on-a-new-road-vehicle-co2-emissions-regulatory-framework-for-the-uk.pdf | 2021 |
| Quebec Electrification Policy Framework | phaseout goal | adopted | 100% share of EV public transport bus sales by 2025. 55% of city buses and 65% of school buses are electrified by 2030. 100% share of government cars, SUVs, vans and minivans and 25% of pickup trucks are electrified by 2030. 40% share of taxi stock is electric by 2030 | https://cdn-contenu.quebec.ca/cdn-contenu/adm/min/environnement/publications-adm/plan-economie-verte/plan-economie-verte-2030.pdf?1605549736 | 2020 |
| EU CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehicles | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% EV sales for city buses by 2030 | https://climate.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-02/policy_transport_hdv_20230214_proposal_en_0.pdf | 2023 |
| Colombia Bill No. 1964 to promote electric vehicles | ZEV fleet rule | in force | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2035; 10% by 2025; 20% by 2027; 40% by 2029; 60% by 2031; 80% by 2033 | https://dapre.presidencia.gov.co/normativa/normativa/LEY%201964%20DEL%2011%20DE%20JULIO%20DE%202019.pdf | 2019 |
| Global HDV MOU | phaseout goal | proposed | 30% share of ZEV HDV sales by 2030 and 100% by 2040. Signed by the following national governments: Austria, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom (including Scotland and Wales separately), Uruguay | https://globaldrivetozero.org/MOU-nations/ | 2021 |
| Haryana Draft Electric Vehicle Policy | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% of state-owned bus stock to be electric buses by 2029. 100% ZEV commercial and logistic vehicles stock by 2030. 100% of government vehicles stock to electric cars by 2024. | https://haryanatransport.gov.in/sites/default/files/Electric Vehicle Policy_2.pdf | 2021 |
| Germany Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Technology Collaboration Programme | phaseout goal | proposed | 50% share of electric urban buses by 2030. | https://ieahev.org/assets/1/7/HEV-TCP_Annual_Report_2020(1).pdf | 2020 |
| Denmark Climate and Air Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025 and stock by 2030; 100% EV share of PC sales by 2030; 100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035 | https://kefm.dk/media/6728/klimaministeriet_klimaogluftudspil_digital.pdf | 2018 |
| Nepal Assessment of Electric Mobility Targets for 2020 NDC | phaseout goal | adopted | 25% share of EVs in private passenger vehicle sales (including two-wheelers) and 20% in four-wheel (i.e., buses and taxis) public passenger vehicle sales by 2025. 90% share of EVs in private passenger vehicle sales (including two-wheelers) and 60% in four-wheel (i.e., buses and taxis) public passenger vehicle sales by 2030. | https://nepalindata.com/media/resources/items/15/bAssessment_of_Electric_Mobility_Targets_for_Nepals_2020_NDC.pdf | 2021 |
| Pakistan National Electric Vehicles Policy | phaseout goal | proposed | 90% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2040 | https://rise.esmap.org/data/files/library/pakistan/Energy%20Efficiency/Pakistan_Draft%20EV%20Policy%20Pakistan_2019.pdf | 2019 |
| Delhi Electric Vehicles Policy 2020 | phaseout goal | proposed | 25% ZEV share of all vehicle sales by 2024 | https://transport.delhi.gov.in/sites/default/files/All-PDF/Delhi_Electric_Vehicles_Policy_2020.pdf | 2020 |
| European Union Clean Vehicles Directive | ZEV fleet rule | in force | EV public procurement targets are differentiated by member state: 17.6% to 38.5% EV share of LDV sales by 2025; 6% to 10% ZEV share of MDT and HDV sales by 2025 and 7% to 15% by 2030; 24% to 45% ZEV share of bus sales by 2025 and 33% to 65% by 2030. | https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/clean-transport-urban-transport/clean-and-energy-efficient-vehicles/clean-vehicles-directive_en | 2019 |
| California Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) regulation | ZEV fleet rule | in force | 100% ZEV share of transit bus stock by 2040; 100% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2029; Large transit agencies: 25% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2023 and 50% by 2026; Small transit agencies: 25% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2026. | https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/innovative-clean-transit-ict-regulation-fact-sheet | 2019 |
| California Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) Regulation | ZEV fleet rule | proposed | 50% ZEV share of HDV sales for public fleets by 2024 and 100% by 2027; 100% ZEV share of drayage truck stock by 2035; 100% ZEV share of high priority private and federal fleet stock by 2035–2042; 100% ZEV share of HDV sales across all segments by 2040. | https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-04/220502acfdraft100zevsales_ADA.pdf | 2022 |
| Colombia National Strategy for Electric Mobility | phaseout goal | proposed | 600,000 EV stock across all modes (LDV, MC, bus, MDV) by 2030. | https://www1.upme.gov.co/DemandaEnergetica/ENME.pdf | 2019 |
| Austria Mobility Master Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% EV share of: LDV sales by 2030, bus sales by 2032, MDT sales by 2030, and HDT sales by 2035 | https://www.bmk.gv.at/en/topics/mobility/mobilitymasterplan2030.html | 2021 |
| Canada 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan | phaseout goal | adopted | 35% ZEV M/HDV sales by 2030, 100% by 2040 (for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility). | https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/eccc/documents/pdf/climate-change/erp/Canada-2030-Emissions-Reduction-Plan-eng.pdf | 2022 |
| Mexico National Electromobility Strategy | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2050; 5% by 2030, 50% by 2040 | https://www.conuee.gob.mx/transparencia/boletines/transporte/19ForodeEEeT/1_Semarnat.pdf | 2021 |
| Panama National Electric Mobility Strategy | phaseout goal | adopted | 25 - 40% share of EVs in private vehicle sales by 2030; 10 - 20% of EVs in private vehicle fleet, 15 - 35% of buses; 25 - 50% of public vehicle fleets by 2030. | https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/28892_A/75497.pdf | 2019 |
| Chile National Electromobility Strategy | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of LDV and public transit bus sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of interurban buses by 2045 | https://www.gob.cl/en/news/national-electromobility-strategy-launch-government-announces-only-electric-vehicles-will-be-sold-chile-2035/ | 2021 |
| California Executive Order N-79-20 | phaseout goal | adopted | 100% ZEV share of drayage truck stock and 100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of HDV operations where feasible by 2045 | https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/09/23/governor-newsom-announces-california-will-phase-out-gasoline-powered-cars-drastically-reduce-demand-for-fossil-fuel-in-californias-fight-against-climate-change/ | 2020 |
| Israel Public Bus Purchase Scheme | ZEV fleet rule | adopted | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2026; 30% by 2024, 50% by 2025 | https://www.gov.il/en/departments/news/starting_2026_all_new_buses_electric_buses | 2022 |
| Poland Energy Policy Until 2040 | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2030 | https://www.gov.pl/web/climate/energy-policy-of-poland-until-2040-epp2040 | 2021 |
| Hainan’s Clean Energy Vehicle Development Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of: taxi stock by 2020, coach bus sales by 2024, public transit bus sales by 2025, ridesharing/rental cars/LCV stock by 2030, and private car sales by 2030; 50% ZEV share of sanitation truck sales by 2030 | https://www.hainan.gov.cn/hainan/xnyzcwj/201907/cb9368c30a0f42e7a4cae7dad6651a09.shtml | 2019 |
| Canada Zero Emission Transit Fund | phaseout goal | proposed | Purchase 5000 ZEV public transit and school buses in the period to 2026. | https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/alt-format/pdf/zero-emissions-trans-zero-emissions/applicant-guide-demandeur-en.pdf | 2021 |
| Singapore Land Transport Master Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% EV share of public transit bus and taxi stock by 2040 | https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/dam/ltagov/who_we_are/our_work/land_transport_master_plan_2040/pdf/LTA%20LTMP%202040%20eReport.pdf | 2019 |
| Malaysia Green Master Technology Plan 2017-2030 | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% (electrified, CNG, LPG or biofuel-fuelled vehicle) LDV stock for all private transport by 2030 and 40% in public transport (HDV and LDV). | https://www.malaysia.gov.my/portal/content/30920 | 2017 |
| China MEE EV Policy | phaseout goal | proposed | 50% share of EV sales for all vehicles by 2030 across "key polluting regions" | https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk03/202206/t20220617_985879.html | 2022 |
| Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 14th Five-Year Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 15% of new passenger LDV sales to be NEVs and 45% of new buses by 2025. 100% of government vehicles to be NEVs by 2025. | https://www.mee.gov.cn/ywdt/dfnews/202201/t20220107_966375.shtml | 2021 |
| Japan Strategy for Developing Hydrogen and Fuel-Cell Technologies | phaseout goal | adopted | 1200 fuel cell urban bus stock by 2030. | https://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/2019/0918_001.html | 2019 |
| Italy Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan | phaseout goal | proposed | 85% EV share of government LDV and HDV sales by 2030; 30% by 2022 and 50% by 2025 | https://www.mise.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/it_final_necp_main_en.pdf | 2019 |
| US Multistate NESCAUM MOU | phaseout goal | proposed | 30% ZEV share of HDV sales by 2030 and 100% by 2050. Applicable to: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Nevada, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and the District of Columbia | https://www.nescaum.org/documents/mhdv-zev-mou-20220329.pdf/ | 2022 |
| New York Assembly Bill A4302 | phaseout goal | adopted | 100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of HDV operations where feasible by 2045 | https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2021/A4302 | 2021 |
| Ecuador Organic Law on Energy Efficiency (Ley Orgánica de Eficiencia Energética) | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% of the public transport fleet is electric by 2025. | https://www.recursosyenergia.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2019/03/Ley-Eficiencia-Energe%CC%81tica.pdf | 2019 |
| Norway National Transport Plan 2022-2033 | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of LDV sales and 75% ZEV and biogas share of public transit bus sales by 2025; 75% ZEV share of coach bus sales and 50% ZEV share of MDT and HDT sales by 2030 | https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/117831ad96524b9b9eaadf72d88d3704/en-gb/pdfs/stm202020210020000engpdfs.pdf | 2021 |
| Netherlands Mission Zero | phaseout goal | proposed | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025; 100% stock by 2030 | https://www.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2019/06/Misson%20Zero%20Powered%20by%20Holland.pdf | 2019 |
| New Zealand Public Transport Decarbonization | ZEV fleet rule | proposed | 100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025 and stock by 2035 | https://www.transport.govt.nz/area-of-interest/environment-and-climate-change/public-transport-decarbonisation/ | 2021 |
| Chandigarh Draft Electric Vehicle Policy, 2022 | phaseout goal | proposed | 50% of passenger vehicle sales and 100% of commercial vehicle sales are electric within 5 years. | https://www.transportpolicy.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Chandigarh-EV-policy-2022.pdf | 2022 |
| Maharashtra State Electric Vehicle Policy - 2021 | phaseout goal | proposed | 10% share of BEV sales for all vehicles (two/three wheelers and LDVs), 25% share of EVs in public transport and last-mile delivery vehicles by 2025 in target urban centres. | https://www.transportpolicy.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Maharashtra-EV-Policy-Final-2021.pdf | 2021 |
The table contains additional phaseout policies compared to those in the map, including firm regulations.
