Phase-out targets: Buses

Verified on 1/31/2023

Interactive map

The map displays official phase-out targets set by national and sub-national governments to end the sale, registration, or procurement of medium- and heavy-duty internal combustion engine (ICE) buses. Target dates are indicated by color. We update these maps quarterly. (Current status: September 2022)

Around 10 governments have set ambitious 100% ICE bus phaseout targets, by 2035 for new bus sales and in some cases by 2050 for the entirety of the fleet.

Hover over a map region to see a tooltip with details. For more information, click on the region to view the relevant policy document. Static versions of the maps are available for download below. Color coding may differ between the interactive map and the PDF map.

Source: ICCT Research, please see the table below for further information.

Table: Summary of ICE bus phaseout policies

Policy namePolicy typePolicy statusPolicy summarySourcePublication year
Shanghai EV Bus 2025 Target (2021)phaseout goalproposed96% of all buses and all new coaches to be new energy or clean energy vehicles by 2025.http://dlysj.sh.gov.cn/sdlysjwj2021nd/20211126/04db3627182f4182adef8474d28f2ff3.html2022
Cabo Verde Electric Mobility Policy Charter phaseout goalproposed100% EV sales share for government vehicles by 2025, taxis by 2030, and private PCs and HDVs by 2035. Sets interim EV sales share targets for 2025 and 2030 and a target of 100% EV stock by 2050.http://tda-mobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Cabo-Verde-Electric-Mobility-Policy-Chapter.pdf2019
Guangdong 14th Five-Year Development Plan for the Comprehensive Transportation Systemphaseout goalproposed100% of new buses and 80% of taxis and delivery vehicles should be NEVs starting by 2021http://www.gd.gov.cn/zwgk/wjk/qbwj/yfb/content/post_3554890.html2021
China New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)phaseout goalproposed20% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2025http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2020-11/02/content_5556716.htm2020
China National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Transport on Issuing the Action Plan for Creating Green Travel (Green Mobility Action Plan)ZEV fleet ruleproposed50% ZEV share of public transit bus stock by 2022; 80% sales by 2020http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-07/26/content_5530095.htm2020
China 14th Five-Year Development Plan for Green Transportationphaseout goaladopted72% share of NEVs in national urban public transport and 20% in logistics distribution by 2025http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-01/21/content_5669662.htm2021
Tianjin 14th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environmental Protectionphaseout goaladopted25% of new passenger LDV sales to be NEVs. 80% NEVs in public transport, rental, logistics and delivery vehicles sales by 2025.http://www.tj.gov.cn/zwgk/szfwj/tjsrmzfbgt/202201/t20220117_5781111.html2021
Hungary National Energy Strategy 2030phaseout goalproposed1,290 ZEV public transit bus stock by 2029; 100% sales from 2022https://2010-2014.kormany.hu/download/a/b7/70000/Hungarian%20Energy%20Strategy%202030%20Summary.pdf2021
Costa Rica National Decarbonization Planphaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of LDV sales, 60% ZEV share of LDV stock, and 100% ZEV share of bus and taxi stock by 2050; 25% ZEV share of LDV stock and 70% ZEV share of bus and taxi stock by 2035https://2050pathways.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Decarbonization-Plan-Costa-Rica.pdf2019
United Kingdom A New Road Vehicle CO2 Emissions Regulatory
Framework
phaseout goaladopted100% ZEV share of HDV sales by 2040https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1067018/outcome-and-government-response-to-the-green-paper-on-a-new-road-vehicle-co2-emissions-regulatory-framework-for-the-uk.pdf2021
Quebec Electrification Policy Framework phaseout goaladopted100% share of EV public transport bus sales by 2025. 55% of city buses and 65% of school buses are electrified by 2030. 100% share of government cars, SUVs, vans and minivans and 25% of pickup trucks are electrified by 2030. 40% share of taxi stock is electric by 2030https://cdn-contenu.quebec.ca/cdn-contenu/adm/min/environnement/publications-adm/plan-economie-verte/plan-economie-verte-2030.pdf?16055497362020
EU CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehiclesphaseout goalproposed100% EV sales for city buses by 2030https://climate.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-02/policy_transport_hdv_20230214_proposal_en_0.pdf2023
Colombia Bill No. 1964 to promote electric vehiclesZEV fleet rulein force100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2035; 10% by 2025; 20% by 2027; 40% by 2029; 60% by 2031; 80% by 2033https://dapre.presidencia.gov.co/normativa/normativa/LEY%201964%20DEL%2011%20DE%20JULIO%20DE%202019.pdf2019
Global HDV MOUphaseout goalproposed30% share of ZEV HDV sales by 2030 and 100% by 2040. Signed by the following national governments: Austria, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom (including Scotland and Wales separately), Uruguayhttps://globaldrivetozero.org/MOU-nations/2021
Haryana Draft Electric Vehicle Policyphaseout goalproposed100% of state-owned bus stock to be electric buses by 2029. 100% ZEV commercial and logistic vehicles stock by 2030. 100% of government vehicles stock to electric cars by 2024.https://haryanatransport.gov.in/sites/default/files/Electric Vehicle Policy_2.pdf2021
Germany Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Technology Collaboration Programmephaseout goalproposed50% share of electric urban buses by 2030.https://ieahev.org/assets/1/7/HEV-TCP_Annual_Report_2020(1).pdf2020
Denmark Climate and Air Planphaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025 and stock by 2030; 100% EV share of PC sales by 2030; 100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035https://kefm.dk/media/6728/klimaministeriet_klimaogluftudspil_digital.pdf2018
Nepal Assessment of Electric Mobility Targets for 2020 NDCphaseout goaladopted25% share of EVs in private passenger vehicle sales (including two-wheelers) and 20% in four-wheel (i.e., buses and taxis) public passenger vehicle sales by 2025. 90% share of EVs in private passenger vehicle sales (including two-wheelers) and 60% in four-wheel (i.e., buses and taxis) public passenger vehicle sales by 2030.https://nepalindata.com/media/resources/items/15/bAssessment_of_Electric_Mobility_Targets_for_Nepals_2020_NDC.pdf2021
Pakistan National Electric Vehicles Policy phaseout goalproposed90% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2040https://rise.esmap.org/data/files/library/pakistan/Energy%20Efficiency/Pakistan_Draft%20EV%20Policy%20Pakistan_2019.pdf2019
Delhi Electric Vehicles Policy 2020phaseout goalproposed25% ZEV share of all vehicle sales by 2024https://transport.delhi.gov.in/sites/default/files/All-PDF/Delhi_Electric_Vehicles_Policy_2020.pdf2020
European Union Clean Vehicles DirectiveZEV fleet rulein forceEV public procurement targets are differentiated by member state: 17.6% to 38.5% EV share of LDV sales by 2025; 6% to 10% ZEV share of MDT and HDV sales by 2025 and 7% to 15% by 2030; 24% to 45% ZEV share of bus sales by 2025 and 33% to 65% by 2030.https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/clean-transport-urban-transport/clean-and-energy-efficient-vehicles/clean-vehicles-directive_en2019
California Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) regulationZEV fleet rulein force100% ZEV share of transit bus stock by 2040; 100% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2029; Large transit agencies: 25% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2023 and 50% by 2026; Small transit agencies: 25% ZEV share of transit bus sales by 2026.https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/innovative-clean-transit-ict-regulation-fact-sheet2019
California Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) RegulationZEV fleet ruleproposed50% ZEV share of HDV sales for public fleets by 2024 and 100% by 2027; 100% ZEV share of drayage truck stock by 2035; 100% ZEV share of high priority private and federal fleet stock by 2035–2042; 100% ZEV share of HDV sales across all segments by 2040.https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-04/220502acfdraft100zevsales_ADA.pdf2022
Colombia National Strategy for Electric Mobilityphaseout goalproposed600,000 EV stock across all modes (LDV, MC, bus, MDV) by 2030.https://www1.upme.gov.co/DemandaEnergetica/ENME.pdf2019
Austria Mobility Master Planphaseout goalproposed100% EV share of: LDV sales by 2030, bus sales by 2032, MDT sales by 2030, and HDT sales by 2035https://www.bmk.gv.at/en/topics/mobility/mobilitymasterplan2030.html2021
Canada 2030 Emissions Reduction Planphaseout goaladopted35% ZEV M/HDV sales by 2030, 100% by 2040 (for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility).https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/eccc/documents/pdf/climate-change/erp/Canada-2030-Emissions-Reduction-Plan-eng.pdf2022
Mexico National Electromobility Strategyphaseout goalproposed100% EV share of all vehicle sales by 2050; 5% by 2030, 50% by 2040https://www.conuee.gob.mx/transparencia/boletines/transporte/19ForodeEEeT/1_Semarnat.pdf2021
Panama National Electric Mobility Strategyphaseout goaladopted25 - 40% share of EVs in private vehicle sales by 2030; 10 - 20% of EVs in private vehicle fleet, 15 - 35% of buses; 25 - 50% of public vehicle fleets by 2030.https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/28892_A/75497.pdf2019
Chile National Electromobility Strategyphaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of LDV and public transit bus sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of interurban buses by 2045https://www.gob.cl/en/news/national-electromobility-strategy-launch-government-announces-only-electric-vehicles-will-be-sold-chile-2035/2021
California Executive Order N-79-20phaseout goaladopted100% ZEV share of drayage truck stock and 100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of HDV operations where feasible by 2045https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/09/23/governor-newsom-announces-california-will-phase-out-gasoline-powered-cars-drastically-reduce-demand-for-fossil-fuel-in-californias-fight-against-climate-change/2020
Israel Public Bus Purchase SchemeZEV fleet ruleadopted100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2026; 30% by 2024, 50% by 2025https://www.gov.il/en/departments/news/starting_2026_all_new_buses_electric_buses2022
Poland Energy Policy Until 2040phaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2030https://www.gov.pl/web/climate/energy-policy-of-poland-until-2040-epp20402021
Hainan’s Clean Energy Vehicle Development Plan phaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of: taxi stock by 2020, coach bus sales by 2024, public transit bus sales by 2025, ridesharing/rental cars/LCV stock by 2030, and private car sales by 2030; 50% ZEV share of sanitation truck sales by 2030https://www.hainan.gov.cn/hainan/xnyzcwj/201907/cb9368c30a0f42e7a4cae7dad6651a09.shtml2019
Canada Zero Emission Transit Fundphaseout goalproposedPurchase 5000 ZEV public transit and school buses in the period to 2026.https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/alt-format/pdf/zero-emissions-trans-zero-emissions/applicant-guide-demandeur-en.pdf2021
Singapore Land Transport Master Planphaseout goalproposed100% EV share of public transit bus and taxi stock by 2040https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/dam/ltagov/who_we_are/our_work/land_transport_master_plan_2040/pdf/LTA%20LTMP%202040%20eReport.pdf2019
Malaysia Green Master Technology Plan 2017-2030phaseout goalproposed100% (electrified, CNG, LPG or biofuel-fuelled vehicle) LDV stock for all private transport by 2030 and 40% in public transport (HDV and LDV).https://www.malaysia.gov.my/portal/content/309202017
China MEE EV Policyphaseout goalproposed50% share of EV sales for all vehicles by 2030 across "key polluting regions"https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk03/202206/t20220617_985879.html2022
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 14th Five-Year Planphaseout goalproposed15% of new passenger LDV sales to be NEVs and 45% of new buses by 2025. 100% of government vehicles to be NEVs by 2025.https://www.mee.gov.cn/ywdt/dfnews/202201/t20220107_966375.shtml2021
Japan Strategy for Developing Hydrogen and Fuel-Cell Technologiesphaseout goaladopted1200 fuel cell urban bus stock by 2030.https://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/2019/0918_001.html2019
Italy Integrated National Energy and Climate Planphaseout goalproposed85% EV share of government LDV and HDV sales by 2030; 30% by 2022 and 50% by 2025https://www.mise.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/it_final_necp_main_en.pdf2019
US Multistate NESCAUM MOUphaseout goalproposed30% ZEV share of HDV sales by 2030 and 100% by 2050. Applicable to: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Nevada, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and the District of Columbiahttps://www.nescaum.org/documents/mhdv-zev-mou-20220329.pdf/2022
New York Assembly Bill A4302phaseout goaladopted100% ZEV share of LDV sales by 2035; 100% ZEV share of HDV operations where feasible by 2045https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2021/A43022021
Ecuador Organic Law on Energy Efficiency (Ley Orgánica de Eficiencia Energética)phaseout goalproposed100% of the public transport fleet is electric by 2025.https://www.recursosyenergia.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2019/03/Ley-Eficiencia-Energe%CC%81tica.pdf2019
Norway National Transport Plan 2022-2033phaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of LDV sales and 75% ZEV and biogas share of public transit bus sales by 2025; 75% ZEV share of coach bus sales and 50% ZEV share of MDT and HDT sales by 2030https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/117831ad96524b9b9eaadf72d88d3704/en-gb/pdfs/stm202020210020000engpdfs.pdf2021
Netherlands Mission Zero phaseout goalproposed100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025; 100% stock by 2030https://www.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2019/06/Misson%20Zero%20Powered%20by%20Holland.pdf2019
New Zealand Public Transport DecarbonizationZEV fleet ruleproposed100% ZEV share of public transit bus sales by 2025 and stock by 2035https://www.transport.govt.nz/area-of-interest/environment-and-climate-change/public-transport-decarbonisation/2021
Chandigarh Draft Electric Vehicle Policy, 2022phaseout goalproposed50% of passenger vehicle sales and 100% of commercial vehicle sales are electric within 5 years.https://www.transportpolicy.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Chandigarh-EV-policy-2022.pdf2022
Maharashtra State Electric Vehicle Policy - 2021phaseout goalproposed10% share of BEV sales for all vehicles (two/three wheelers and LDVs), 25% share of EVs in public transport and last-mile delivery vehicles by 2025 in target urban centres.https://www.transportpolicy.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Maharashtra-EV-Policy-Final-2021.pdf2021

The table contains additional phaseout policies compared to those in the map, including firm regulations.